Chikungunya is a viral illness that spread to people by mosquito bites. In december 20, a cluster of chikungunya cases was identified for the first time in the americas. Use the information presented in this article to kill mosquitoes in the early stage of their life cycle if possible, and the mosquito control equipment. English pdf icon pdf 2 pages spanish pdf icon pdf 2 pages transmission. Transmission of chikungunya by aedes aegypti and aedes. The mosquito life cycle takes place in four distinct stages, from egg through to adulthood. These mosquitoes can be found biting throughout daylight hours, although there may be peaks of. Adult eggs female mosquitoes lay eggs in containers that hold water.
Cs263839apublication date from document properties. Next is the larval stage, in which the organism stays under water and does not eat. Chikungunya virus chikv is the aetiological agent of the mosquitoborne disease. This means that the insects goes through a complete metamorphosis with an egg, larvae, pupae, and adult stage. In the first type, gradual metamorphosis, the immature stage or nymph, looks similar to the adult stage. Molly keck m osquitoes affect the health of people and animals more than any other insect pest worldwide. The biology of mosquitoes 1life cycle the mosquito life cycle begins with an adult female laying eggs.
The 201516 zika epidemic was primarily caused by this nasty, little bug. Immature stages of mosquitoes require water to complete their life cycle. Females deposit blackcolored eggs singly on a moist surface e. The life cycle of the mosquito starts with the egg, which is usually laid in water or on damp soil. Biting female mosquitoes transmit many infectious agents that cause diseases such as encephalitis, malaria, dengue, chikungunya, zika virus, and yellow fever. The two major vectors of the disease currently identi. Chikungunya is an infection caused by the chikungunya virus chikv. Chikungunya virus has been found in africa, asia, and europe, and in the indian and pacific oceans. Aedes dalzieli, aedes furcifer, aedes taylori, aedes africanus, and aedes luteocephalus. Biology mosquitoes have four distinct developmental stages.
The go mosquito app focuses on collec mosquito larvae in standing water. The life span for adult mosquitoes is around three weeks. Seasonality on the life cycle of aedes aegypti mosquito. The life cycles of the yellow fever mosquito and the asian tiger mosquito are very similar. Novel dengue surveillance and control strategies developed at uwi, st augustine, trinidad. Chikungunya virus iris paho home pan american health. The yellow fever mosquito is also an aggressive and persistent day biter that prefers to feed on human beings. Nov 24, 2014 chikungunya virus chikv, a mosquito borne alphavirus that causes chikungunya fever chik, a severe, debilitating and often chronic arthralgia, is a prime example. Chikungunya ppt presentation a powerpoint presentation include brief description about entire disease condition. Anopheles or culex mosquito is a common insect found almost everywhere. The disease is caused by chikungunya virus chikv, a mosquitoborne alphavirus from. Female mosquitoes lay eggs in containers that hold water. The name chikungunya derives from a word in the kimakonde language, meaning to become contorted, and describes the stooped appearance of. Mosquito life cycle centers for disease control and.
Chikungunya is a mosquitoborne viral disease first described during an outbreak in southern tanzania in 1952. This mosquito bites primarily during the day, both indoors and outdoors. Mosquito life cycle centers for disease control and prevention. State of californiahealth and human services agency chadee d. The life cycle of aedes mosquitoes consists of four stages egg, larva, pupa, and adult, with adults emerging anywhere from seven days to several weeks after egg hatching. The transmission cycle begins when an aedes mosquito bites someone with chikungunya when they have fever. An integrated approach to control the mosquito breeding is advisable. Seasonality on the life cycle of aedes aegypti mosquito and its effects on dengue outbreaks article pdf available may 2016 with 1,604 reads how we measure reads. Change in shape occurs in two different ways, depending on the kind of insect. An adult mosquito emerges from the pupa and flies away. Finally, the mosquito emerges from the pupal case after two days to a week in the pupal stage.
Pdf seasonality on the life cycle of aedes aegypti mosquito. The adult mosquito emerges onto the waters surface and flies away, ready to begin its lifecycle. Pdf chikungunya is an acute viral disease characterised by fever and painful arthralgia. It takes about 710 days for an egg to develop into an adult mosquito. Life cycle of mosquito with diagram biology discussion. Only the bites of female mosquitoes transmit disease. The entire life cycle, from an egg to an adult, takes approximately 810 days. Chikungunya fever chik is an emerging, mosquitoborne disease caused by an.
Abstract chikungunya virus chikv is a reemerging mosquitoborne alphavirus. The adult females of most species have tubelike mouthparts called a proboscis that can pierce the skin of a host and feed on blood, which contains protein. Chikungunya is an arthropodborne virus transmitted by aedes mosquito bites. The best approach to controlling mosquitoes takes advantage of every life stage of a mosquito to achieve control, using a unified approach referred to as integrated pest management ipm. Chikungunya virus chikv, a mosquitoborne alphavirus that causes chikungunya fever chik, a severe, debilitating and often chronic arthralgia, is a prime example. An integrated mosquito management imm program is essential to helping prevent mosquito bites and transmission of serious vector diseases in the united states. In some species of mosquito, the females feed on humans, and are therefore vectors for a number of infectious. Yellow fever mosquitoes regularly enter houses looking for hosts or places to rest. Mosquito breeding can be prevented by destroying all the stages of the life cycle of this insect vector.
As part of an effective imm program, vdci recommends a 4pronged approach to target all phases of the mosquitos life cycle. Specimens of different stages of life of mosquito, compound microscope. Most commonly, the mosquitoes involved are aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, two species which can also transmit other mosquito borne viruses, including dengue, zika and chikungunya see figure 1. Other mosquitoes in africa can act as efficient vectors for chikungunya. Life cycle the egg, larvae and pupae stages of the mosquito life cycle are dependent on water. The life cycle of a mosquito is a pretty short process. The aedes mosquito prefers to breed in waterfilled receptacles, usually close to human habitation. The eggs are deposited either as rafts floating on the surface of standing water or on the ground in areas that regularly flood. Female mosquitoes lay eggs about every third day during their lifespan, usually in clumps of 100 to 300 eggs.
The aedes aegypti mosquito, infamous for transmitting yellow fever, also carries many other infectious viruses such as dengue, chikungunya, west nile and zika. Mosquito life cycle it takes about 710 days for an egg to develop into an adult mosquito. The adult life span can range from two weeks to a month depending on environmental conditions. After feeding, female mosquitoes look for water sources to lay eggs. Virtually any natural or manmade collection of water can support mosquito production. Controlling aedes aegyptialbopictus and chikungunya. Chikv is transmitted by aedes species of mosquitoes and is capable of an epidemic, urban transmission cycle with high rates of infection. Life stages of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Virtually any natural or manmade collection of water can. California department of public health division of communicable disease control. Adult adult female mosquitoes bite people and animals.
A viral mutation has allowed aedes albopictus to become the preferred vector. Mosquitoes are small harmful insects, found everywhere, especially in damp, dark places. The mosquito life cycle consists of egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. Mosquito life cycle, including the egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages. Read this article to learn about the structure and life cycle of mosquito.
In its lifetime, a mosquito will only fly within a. These typically occur two to twelve days after exposure. Mosquito biology understanding the life cycle of the mosquito. Eggs hatch within a few days to months when covered with water. Other symptoms may include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, and a rash. Oct 25, 2009 the 20052006 year unprecedented epidemics of chikungunya virus chikv in the french reunion island in the indian ocean, followed by several outbreaks in other parts of the world such as india, have attracted the attention of clinicians, scientists, and state authorities about the risks linked to this reemerging mosquitoborne virus. The life cycle of aedes aegypti can be completed within oneandahalf to three weeks see figure 1. The chikungunya virus is transmitted from human to human by the bites of infected female mosquitoes.
It is an rna virus that belongs to the alphavirus genus of the family togaviridae. From egg to adulthood there isnt a very big window of opportunity to get rid of mosquitoes before they mature into biting insects. Chikungunya is most widely transmitted by the mosquitoes named aedes aegypti see video 1 and 2 and aedes albopictus mosquito. The life cycle typically takes up two weeks, but depending on conditions, it can range from 4 days to as long as a month. The disease is caused by chikungunya virus chikv, a mosquito borne alphavirus from. The chikv replication cycle is essentially similar to the replica tion cycle. Mosquitoes order diptera, family culicidae are some of the most adaptable and successful insects on earth and are found in some extraordinary places. Apr 21, 20 mosquito life cycle stagemosquito life cycle stage55 once the mosquitoes hatchonce the mosquitoes hatchtheir average lifespan is abouttheir average lifespan is aboutthree weeks in the summer orthree weeks in the summer oras many as a few months inas many as a few months inthe winter in order to lay herthe winter in order to lay hereggs. Successful mosquito management requires intervening at some point during the mosquitos life cycle before they bite and infect a human.
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